![]() Along these lines, some authors argue that giving in the dictator's game might be explained by subjects wanting to be perceived as fair ( Andreoni and Bernheim, 2009), because they want to avoid the “greedy” tag ( Bolton et al., 1998), or simply because fairness imposes a constraint on self-interested behavior ( Kahneman et al., 1986). Further experimental evidence suggests that the underlying motivation for much fair behavior might be self-interest, albeit coupled with a desire to maintain the illusion of not being selfish ( Dana et al., 2007 Larson and Capra, 2009). Recent findings in the experimental literature, however, suggest that individuals in a distributional problem such as the dictator game might apply principles of fairness in a self-interested manner ( Rutstrom and Williams, 2000 Rodriguez-Lara and Moreno-Garrido, 2012). Given the assumption that economic actors are largely motivated by self-interest, arguments about fairness pervade the literature on behavioral economics and are frequently used to explain departures from equilibrium predictions. “ Equity is merely a word that hypocritical people use to cloak self-interest”
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